Heart Disease
Categories
Arrhythmia - Any
variation from the normal rhythm or rate of the heart beat.
- Arrhythmia, Sinus -
Irregularity of the heart rate related to functioning of the sinoatrial node.
- Atrial Fibrillation
- Disorder of cardiac rhythm characterized by rapid, irregular atrial impulses
and ineffective atrial contractions.
- Atrial Flutter -
Rapid, irregular atrial contractions due to an abnormality of atrial excitation.
- Bradycardia -
Excessive slowness in the action of the heart, usually with a heart rate below
60 beats per minute.
- Tachycardia -
Excessive rapidity in the action of the heart, usually with a heart rate above
100 beats per minute.
Heart Failure,
Congestive - A complication of HEART DISEASES. Defective cardiac
filling and/or impaired contraction and emptying, resulting in the heart's
inability to pump a sufficient amount of blood to meet the needs of the body
tissues or to be able to do so only with an elevated filling pressure.
Myocardial Ischemia
- A disorder of cardiac function caused by insufficient blood flow to the muscle
tissue of the heart. The decreased blood flow may be due to narrowing of the
coronary arteries (CORONARY ARTERIOSCLEROSIS), to obstruction by a thrombus
(CORONARY THROMBOSIS), or less commonly, to diffuse narrowing of arterioles and
other small vessels within the heart. Severe interruption of the blood supply to
the myocardial tissue may result in necrosis of cardiac muscle (MYOCARDIAL
INFARCTION).
- Coronary Disease -
An imbalance between myocardial functional requirements and the capacity of the
coronary vessels to supply sufficient blood flow. It is a form of MYOCARDIAL
ISCHEMIA (insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle) caused by a decreased
capacity of the coronary vessels.
- Myocardial
Infarction - Gross necrosis of the myocardium, as a result of
interruption of the blood supply to the area.
- Pericarditis -
Inflammation of the pericardium.
Muscular Diseases Categories
- Mitochondrial
Myopathies - A group of muscle diseases associated with abnormal
mitochondria function.
- Muscle Spasticity -
A form of muscle hypertonia associated with upper MOTOR NEURON DISEASE.
Resistance to passive stretch of a spastic muscle results in minimal initial
resistance (a "free interval") followed by an incremental increase in muscle
tone. Tone increases in proportion to the velocity of stretch. Spasticity is
usually accompanied by HYPERREFLEXIA and variable degrees of MUSCLE WEAKNESS.
- Muscle Weakness - A
vague complaint of debility, fatigue, or exhaustion attributable to weakness of
various muscles. The weakness can be characterized as subacute or chronic, often
progressive, and is a manifestation of many muscle and neuromuscular diseases.
- Muscular Disorders,
Atrophic - Disorders characterized by an abnormal reduction in muscle
volume due to a decrease in the size or number of muscle fibers. Atrophy may
result from diseases intrinsic to muscle tissue (e.g., MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY) or
secondary to PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES that impair innervation to
muscle tissue (e.g., MUSCULAR ATROPHY, SPINAL).
- Myopathies, Structural,
Congenital - A heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by the
early onset of hypotonia, developmental delay of motor skills, non-progressive
weakness. Each of these disorders is associated with a specific histologic
muscle fiber abnormality.
- Myositis -
Inflammation of skeletal muscle (MUSCLE, SKELETAL). Infectious, autoimmune, and
paraneoplastic processes represent some of the more common conditions that may
be associated with myositis.
- Rhabdomyolysis -
Necrosis or disintegration of skeletal muscle often followed by
myoglobinuria.
- Tendinitis -
Inflammation of tendons and of tendon-muscle attachments.
Vascular Diseases
Categories
- Aneurysm - A sac
formed by the dilatation of the wall of an artery, a vein, or the
heart.
- Angioneurotic Edema
- Recurring attacks of transient edema suddenly appearing in areas of the skin
or mucous membranes and occasionally of the viscera, often associated with
dermatographism, urticaria, erythema, and purpura.
- Arterial Occlusive
Diseases - Diseases in which arterial vessels are partially or
completely obstructed or in which the blood flow through the vessels is
impeded.
- Arteritis -
Inflammation of an artery.
- Embolism and
Thrombosis - A collective term for diseases characterized by the
formation, development, or presence of a thrombus (THROMBOSIS) and the blocking
of a vessel by the thrombus brought to its site by the blood current (EMBOLISM).
- Hypertension -
Persistently high arterial blood pressure. Currently accepted threshold levels
are 140 mm Hg systolic and 90 mm Hg diastolic pressure.
- Hypotension -
Abnormally low blood pressure seen in shock but not necessarily indicative of
it.
- Ischemia - Blood
deficiency in an organ or tissue caused by a constriction or obstruction of its
blood vessels.
- Peripheral Vascular
Diseases - General or unspecified diseases of the blood vessels outside
the heart. It is for diseases of the peripheral as opposed to the cardiac
circulation.
- Superior Vena Cava
Syndrome - Obstruction of the superior vena cava caused by neoplasm,
thrombosis, aneurysm, or external compression and causing suffusion and/or
cyanosis of the face, neck, and upper arms.
- Vasculitis -
Inflammation of a blood vessel.